Syfilis Ab Rapid C

The Cypress Diagnostics Syphilis Ab Rapid C is a rapid direct binding test for the qualitative visual detection of antibodies to Treponema Pallidum (TP) in whole blood, serum or plasma to aid in the diagnosis of Treponema pallidum infection.

8 - 30 °C

Treponema Pallidum (TP) is the causative agent of the venereal disease syphilis. TP is a spirochete with an outer envelope and a cytoplasmic membrane. In spite of provoking a strong humoral and cell-mediated immune response, TP is able to survive in the human host for several decades. Multiple clinical stages and long periods of latent, asymptomatic infection are characteristic of syphilis. After an incubation period of about 21 days, an ulcer (the primary chancre) appears at the site of inoculation. The antibodies response to the TP bacterium can be detected within 4 to 7 days after the chancre appears. The chancre resolves spontaneously and 6–8 weeks later the primary stage is followed by the secondary stage. By the onset of the secondary stage, the organism has disseminated via the blood stream and any organ can be affected. Tertiary syphilis, which can affect the skin, bones or central nervous and cardiovascular systems, can occur many years later. The infection remains detectable until the patient receives adequate treatment. Clinical diagnostics related to syphilis comprises the detection of syphilis antibodies in human blood by immunoassay. Among the existing immunological methods, confirmatory treponemal tests are of the agglutination format, such as the TP hemagglutination assay (TPHA), and immunostaining analysis by the fluorescent treponemal antibody adsorption test (FTA-ABS) . The ELISA format and immunochromatography format (rapid) to detect TP antibodies are also available. Since even highly purified antigens from inoculated TP may contain a certain amount of contaminating materials such as flagella of TP, native TP antigens may cause a non-specific reaction in the assay of test serum samples, and this may result in lower sensitivity and poor reproducibility. To circumvent these potential problems in immunoassays, researchers have constructed TP genes for the expression of recombinant antigens in bacterium systems such as E. coli and focused on TP membrane proteins, which are definitely immunogenic. The major immunoreactive antigens of these membrane proteins have been reported to have a MW of 47, 42, 17, and 15 KDa based on western blot analysis.